Converting CE Lua to C++ (Mini-detour tut)

So, since many people find this a hard part, I decided to write a tutorial on it describing how this exactly works.
I am going to put an explaination on the detour technique (hooking) since that's the most common used.

Requirements:
Basic knowledge of Lua, C++ and assembly.
Cheat Engine would be handy, but optional since the code will be provided.
A C++ programming enviroment such as Visual Studio or Dev-C++. (this tutorial is using Visual Studio so some things might not work in...

Converting CE Lua to C++ (Mini-detour tut)